Abstract：
Chronic inflammatory diseases caused by obesity represent critical public health concerns worldwide. In these diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and atherosclerosis, adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ that releases large quantities of inflammatory mediators into circulation. Besides classically recognized effectors on the development of obesity and resultant conditions, infection has attracted attention as an enhancer of chronic inflammatory diseases. Infectious diseases have long been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and atherosclerosis. However, the infectious hypothesis for chronic inflammatory diseases has been challenged by inconclusive clinical trials. Nevertheless, the large body of evidence accumulated over decades on the association of infectious diseases with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease should not be disregarded. Instead, re-formulation of hypotheses of the mechanisms by which microbes affect obesity-associated diseases may be required with an emphasis on the early events in the progression of such diseases and the multifactorial nature of pathogen-host interactions. This review focuses on pathogens that directly promote obesity and on pathogens that cause chronic infections and thereby enhance metabolic diseases in obese patients. A new perspective on the interaction between infections and obesity-related diseases may improve management of chronic inflammatory diseases that rank high among global threats to human health.
摘要：
由肥胖引起的慢性炎症性疾病代表了全球关键的公共卫生问题。在这些疾病中，如代谢综合征，糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化,脂肪组织作为一个内分泌器官，释放大量的炎症介质进入循环。除了经典公认的影响肥胖和由此产生的条件的发展，感染作为慢性炎性疾病的增强剂引起了人们的关注。传染病长期以来与肥胖有关，代谢综合征,糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化。然而,慢性炎症性疾病的感染性假说受到了尚无定论的临床试验的挑战.然而，几十年来积累的关于传染病与肥胖关联的大量证据，糖尿病和心血管疾病不容忽视.相反，可能需要重新制定微生物影响肥胖相关疾病的机制的假设，重点是此类疾病进展中的早期事件和病原体-宿主相互作用的多因素性质。这篇综述的重点是直接促进肥胖的病原体和引起慢性感染从而增强肥胖患者代谢疾病的病原体。关于感染与肥胖相关疾病之间相互作用的新观点可能会改善慢性炎症性疾病的管理，这些疾病在全球人类健康威胁中排名很高。
